Which of the following is a way for instructors to motivate students?

Giving verbal encouragement is an effective way for instructors to motivate students because it creates a positive and supportive learning environment. When instructors provide affirmative feedback and recognize students' efforts, it boosts their confidence and encourages them to engage more actively in the learning process. This type of encouragement helps to foster a sense of accomplishment, which can lead to increased participation and a willingness to take on challenges.

Using verbal encouragement can also enhance the teacher-student relationship, making students feel valued and understood. This emotional connection can motivate students to strive for improvement and persistence in their studies. By acknowledging progress, no matter how small, instructors reinforce the idea that hard work is recognized and appreciated, further motivating students to continue their efforts.

In contrast, ignoring poor performance can lead to a lack of accountability and may cause students to feel indifferent about their engagement. Focusing solely on grades can create an overly competitive atmosphere that discourages collaboration and learning for the sake of understanding. Limiting participation diminishes students' opportunities to express their thoughts and engage with the material, reducing motivation and the development of critical thinking skills. Thus, verbal encouragement stands out as the most effective approach for encouraging motivation in students.